quinta-feira, setembro 24, 2009

Monsieur le Capital et Madame la Terre




No capital portador de juro, esse fetiche automático está, portanto, em evidência em sua forma mais pura, valor que valoriza a si mesmo, dinheiro que gera filhos e não traz mais, sob essa forma, nenhuma marca de nascença. A relação social é completada como relação de uma coisa, do dinheiro, consigo mesma. Em vez da transformação real do dinheiro em capital, vemos aqui apenas sua forma desprovida de conteúdo [...]. Sendo assim, criar valor, dar juros como a macieira dá maçãs, tornou-se inteiramente uma propriedade do dinheiro. E aquele que empresta seu dinheiro o vende como algo que traz rendimento. Isso não basta. O capital efetivamente ativo, como vimos, apresenta-se de tal modo que faz render o juro não como capital ativo, mas como capital em si, como capital financeiro. Isso também se inverte: enquanto o juro é apenas uma parte do lucro, isto é, da mais-valia que o capital ativo extrai do trabalhador, o juro aparece desta vez, inversamente, como o verdadeiro fruto do capital, como a realidade primitiva, e o lucro, transformado então em forma de ganho do empresário, aparece como um simples acessório e suplemento que se adiciona no decorrer do processo de reprodução. Nesse caso, a forma fetichista do capital e a representação do fetiche do capital são completadas. Na fórmula D-D', temos a forma não-conceitual do capital, a inversão e a coisificação das relações de produção na mais alta potência: a forma portadora de juro, forma simples do capital que tem como condição de sua própria reprodução a capacidade do dinheiro, ou seja, da mercadoria, de valorizar seu próprio valor, independente da reprodução - mistificação do capital sob sua forma mais gritante. Para a economia vulgar, que quer representar o capital como fonte autônoma e de criação do valor, essa forma é naturalmente abençoada, pois nela a fonte do juro não é mais reconhecida, nela o resultado do processo capitalista de produção - separado do próprio processo - adquire uma existência autônoma.
Karl Marx. Das Kapital

4 comentários:

Anônimo disse...

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